Оxytocin vials 5 IU, #5

Description

Оxytocin vials 5 IU, #5 Solution

Composition

Each vial of the medication contains 5 International Units (IU) of oxytocin, a hormone produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. Other ingredients in the formulation include sodium chloride, acetic acid, and water for injection, which help maintain the stability and effectiveness of the medication.

Description

Oxytocin vials 5 IU, #5 is a sterile, clear, colorless solution intended for intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) administration. Oxytocin is a nonapeptide hormone that plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system, particularly in childbirth and breastfeeding.

Pharmacology

Oxytocin acts on the smooth muscle of the uterus, causing contractions, which play a vital role in labor and delivery. In addition, it stimulates the mammary glands to eject milk during breastfeeding. It also has effects on the brain, promoting maternal behavior and bonding.

Indications

Oxytocin vials 5 IU, #5 is indicated for the initiation or improvement of uterine contractions to achieve early vaginal delivery for medical reasons. It is used for induction of labor, stimulation of contractions in prolonged labor, prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage, and to aid in expulsion of retained placenta or fetal membranes. Furthermore, it is used to facilitate milk let-down during breastfeeding.

Contraindications

Oxytocin should not be used when there is a predisposition to uterine rupture, such as in women with a previous cesarean section or major uterine surgery. It is also contraindicated in conditions where spontaneous labor or vaginal birth is not advisable, such as placenta previa, vasa previa, severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, and fetal distress.

Dosage and Administration

Oxytocin dosage should be individualized and adjusted according to the patient’s response. For the induction or stimulation of labor, the initial dose should be 0.5-1 milliunits/min, increased by 1-2 milliunits/min every 15-30 minutes until a satisfactory contraction pattern is established. For the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, 5-10 IU can be administered by IM injection or slow IV infusion after delivery.

Side Effects

Common side effects of oxytocin include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. More serious side effects include excessive uterine contractions that can lead to fetal distress, uterine rupture, and water intoxication. Rarely, allergic reactions may occur.

Precautions

Oxytocin should be used with caution in women with heart disease, kidney disease, or electrolyte abnormalities. Monitoring of uterine activity and fetal heart rate is essential during oxytocin administration. If uterine contractions become too strong or too frequent, the dose should be reduced or the infusion stopped.

Interactions

Oxytocin may enhance the effect of other drugs that reduce blood pressure. It may also interact with drugs that affect the release, uptake, or degradation of oxytocin, including some antidepressants and antipsychotics.

Storage

Oxytocin vials should be stored between 2°C and 8°C, away from light and heat. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, symptoms may include excessive uterine contractions, uterine rupture, water intoxication, seizures, and coma. Treatment involves discontinuation of oxytocin and symptomatic and supportive therapy.

Pregnancy and Lactation

While oxytocin is used during labor and after childbirth, it should only be used when clearly needed and under medical supervision during pregnancy. Oxytocin passes into breast milk but is unlikely to harm a nursing infant.

Warning

Oxytocin should only be administered by healthcare professionals trained in obstetrics. Inappropriate use can lead to severe complications, including uterine rupture and fetal distress. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the use of this medication.

Disclaimer

This description is not intended to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions, or adverse effects of oxytocin. Always consult your healthcare professional for advice about your specific health situation.