Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

Injection.

Basic Physical and Chemical Properties

Transparent red liquid.

Description

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that accumulates in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and spleen. Cyanocobalamin is a dark red, odorless, crystalline powder. It remains unaffected by light and heat.

Properties

Vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in transmethylation, hydrogen delivery, and assisting in methionine synthesis. It enhances protein synthesis, acts as an anabolic agent, and influences the regulation of hematopoietic organs. Proper use of vitamin B12 can alleviate depression, dementia, and cognitive decline in old age. It also aids in combating insomnia and regulating sleep patterns. Cyanocobalamin stabilizes properties under low pressure and positively affects sperm count in seminal fluid.

Biological Effect

• Participates in protein metabolism
• Contributes to the formation of red blood cells (deficiency leads to anemia)
• Essential for the synthesis of nerve fiber myelin (deficiency causes funicular myelosis)
• Involved in numerous enzyme processes
• Contributes to creatine synthesis

Medical Use

Cyanocobalamin is prescribed for B12-deficiency anemia, hypochromia, liver disease, and chronic pancreatitis. It’s also recommended for radiation sickness, nervous system disorders, asthma, and urticaria.

Dosage and Contraindications

Cyanocobalamin is administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intravenously at a dose of 0.1 – 0.2 mg every 2 days. For improved absorption, it should be taken with vitamin B9. Contraindications include thromboembolism, erythremia, and erythrocytosis.

Symptoms of High Vitamin B12 Levels

Possible manifestations include pulmonary edema, cardiac insufficiency, peripheral vascular thrombosis, and urticaria.

Interaction with Other Medications

Avoid taking antihyperlipidemic medications as they can impact the absorption of vitamin B12. Corticosteroid hormones and antipsychotics can flush cyanocobalamin from the body. Large doses of vitamin C may affect the absorption of vitamin B12 from food.

Incompatibility

If cyanocobalamin is combined with ascorbic acid, thiamine, pyridoxine, it can lead to mutual destruction of vitamins. Combining with nicotinic acid can result in cyanocobalamin destruction, and with riboflavin, there’s accumulation of cobalt ions.

Shelf Life

2 years.

Storage Conditions

Store in original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.